Derived Types

Arrays

• Continuous collections of items of a singular type.

Pointers

• Store addresses of other variables.
• The memory location of a variable is decided at run time.
• Pointer size is architecture-dependent.

References

• These act as aliases to variables.
• They must always be initialized and never be null.

Functions

• A series of statements grouped together.
• Function’s type = Return Type + {Type of Parameters}

int add(int a, int b);  // Funtion Type - int(int, int)
 
// There is a difference in function types when they belong to a class.
// Member functions take an implicit `this` parameter.
class Divide{ 
	int subtract(int a, int b);  // Function Type - int (Divide*)(int, int)
	static float divide(int a, int b);  // Function Type - float(int, int)
}

• Pointers to functions can be passed to other functions.

int multiply(int (*)(int, int));
 
multiply(&add);

User-Defined Types

1. Enums
2. Enum Classes
3. Structs
4. Classes
5. Unions

Enum Classes

Enum classes are scoped, as opposed to unscoped enums. Enum classes prohibit, direct comparison with integers.