The amount of capital you start with is not as important as saving regularly and starting early.

Danger

Do not have credit card debt!

Save

  • The quickest way to affluence is to reduce your expenses.
  • Saving increases your freedom both now and in the future.
  • Start saving early and regularly- use the power of compounding.
  • Time is a lot more important than timing, so start early.
  • Don’t outlive the money you saved for retirement.
  • Tax minimization is an essential tool in building savings.

The Rule of 72

The number of years to double the investment times percentage annual yield equals 72.

Index

  • Develop a simple financial plan and stick to it.
  • Indexing has outperformed all but a handful of securities.
  • Remember that nobody knows more than the market!
  • Investing in index funds simplifies investing.
  • Index funds are tax-efficient - gains are over time, and hence lesser taxes over time.
  • Index funds are predictable (you will do average in the long term.
  • Look into total market funds.
  • Refer Exchange Traded Funds.

Diversify

  • A cardinal rule of investing: Diversify.
  • Buying ETFs or index funds is an automatic way to diversify.
  • Diversify across securities, asset classes, markets, and across time.
  • The price of a bond is inversely proportional to the interest rate.
  • Diversification across time refers to not making all investments at once.
  • Dollar cost averaging - regular periodic investments over time.
  • A general portfolio consists of stocks and bonds.
  • As you age, you end up having more bonds than stocks.
  • Always rebalance your portfolio at the start of your year!
  • Rebalancing might not increase returns, but it will reduce risks.

Common Blunders

  • The secret to financial success is patience, persistence, and minimizing mistakes.
  • You can save time, anxiety, and money by ignoring all market forecasts.
  • The best investing advice anyone can give you is to buy and hold an index fund regularly.
  • If you have to sell, sell your losers as they give you tax write-offs.
  • Minimize your investment cost.
  • As an individual investor, avoid buying individual stocks - stick to ETFs.
  • If you do consult financial advisors, stick to ones who are fee-only, avoid people who take commissions.